Play Catapult: How to Increase the Elastic Force of a Catapult

A catapult is a mechanical device that is used to launch projectiles great distances. Catapults were often used as weapons in medieval times; now, they are more commonly constructed by hobbyists. An understanding of how catapults operate requires rudimentary knowledge of concepts in physics, such as elastic potential energy. By increasing this elastic potential energy, a greater elastic force can be imparted by the catapult -- thus hurling the projectile farther.

Instructions

Increase the elasticity of the loading elements of the catapult. For example, if some type of material (say rope) is used to provide the beam (which contains the projectile at the far end of the beam) with elastic potential energy, consider using rubber or another flexible material. By increasing the elasticity of this material, you will increase the elastic force when the catapult is launched.

Increase the initial displacement of the beam before launch. In other words, stretch it further. The reason for this is that elastic potential energy is proportional to the displacement of the elastic object. Therefore, by increasing the displacement, you increase the elastic potential energy, and therefore the potential elastic force that launches the projectile. However, you will have to consider the limits of the elastic properties used to construct the catapult. If the beam is displaced too far, it could cause the catapult to break.

Decrease the beam length of the arm of the catapult. For a given force, this will increase the velocity of the lever arm when it is launched, which will lead to a greater launch velocity of the projectile.

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